Föredrag om dynamisk webbprogrammering

Kulturanatomen 2002-03-04
SSLUG & DF 2002-05-08
Linus Walleij (min hemsida).

Lite exempel som visades, exemplen gör inget anspråk på att vara lämpade för skarp drift, endast för test av principerna bakom CGI.

Serverside scripting/programming: samma CGI-script i olika språk

Unix BASH (test.sh):

#!/bin/sh
echo 'Content-type: text/html'
echo
echo '<html>'
echo ' <head>'
echo ' <title>Test Page</title>'
echo ' </head>'
echo ' <body>'
echo ' <h1>It Worked!</h1>'
echo '<p>'
echo $REMOTE_HOST
echo '</p>'
echo ' </body>'
echo '</html>'

Testa programmet

Perl (test.pl):

#!/usr/bin/perl -w

use strict;

print <<EOT;
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1

<html>
<head>
<title>Test Fnord</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>It Worked!</h1>
<p>
EOT
print "$ENV{REMOTE_HOST}";
print <<EOT;
</p>
</body>
</html>
EOT

C:

int main(int argc,
         char *argv[])
{
  const char *host = (char *) getenv("REMOTE_HOST");

  printf("Content-Type: text/html\n\n");
  printf("<html>\n<head>\n<title>Test Fnord</title>\n</head>\n");
  printf("<body>\n<h1>It Worked!</h1>\n<p>\n");
  printf(host);
  printf("</p>\n</body>\n</html>\n");
}

Kompilera med gcc -o test.cgi test.c

Hypertextpreprocesorer:

Kända som:

Server Side Includes (SSI)
Cold Fusion
ASP (Active Server Pages)
PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor
JSP (Java Server Pages)
Frontpage Server Extensions

Server Side Includes (foo.shtml):

<html>
<head>
<title>Test Fnord</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>It Worked!</h1>
<p>
<!--#echo var="REMOTE_HOST" -->
</p>
</body>
</html>

Testa programmet

Cold Fusion (foo.cfm):

<html>
<head>
<title>Test Fnord</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>It Worked!</h1>
<p>
<cfoutput>#CGI.remote_host#</cfoutput>
</p>
</body>
</html>

ASP (foo.asp):

<html>
<head>
<title>Test Fnord</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>It Worked!</h1>
<p>
<%
    Response.Write Request.ServerVariables("REMOTE_HOST")
%>
</p>
</body>
</html>

PHP (foo.php):

<html>
<head>
<title>Test Fnord</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>It Worked!</h1>
<p>
<?php
    echo $_SERVER["REMOTE_HOST"]
?>
</p>
</body>
</html>

Testa programmet

Generellt rörande CGI-program och preprocessorer:

Vad gör CGI-program / hypertextpreprocessorer oftast?

Skickar mail
Läser/skriver till filer
Läser/skriver till databaser, speciellt mha SQL
Läser från andra webbresurser (ex DFs hemsida läser från AF:s "löpet")
Genererar dynamiska bilder, grafer etc
Tar emot filer "upload"

Roligt exempel på CGI-program:

http://www.elsewhere.org/cgi-bin/postmodern/ - tryck "Reload" några gånger. Förstasidan på min hemsida är också helt dynamisk (för att inte säga dadaistisk) vilket man ser om man kör "reload" ett par gånger.

Vad behöver man kunna för att skriva bra serverside-kod?

Sin plattform: GNU/Linux, Solaris, Windows 2000, IBM 360
Sin webbserver: Apache, Internet Information Server (IIS), iPlanet, Roxen
Sitt script/programmeringsspråk: PHP, C, ASP, Python
Sin databas (om man ska ha det): Oracle, MySQL, Microsoft SQL Server, PostgreSQL, MIMER

Vanliga kombinationer:

Windows 2000
Internet Information Server (IIS)
ASP (Active Server Pages)
Microsoft SQL Server

GNU/Linux eller Free/Open/NetBSD
Apache
PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor)
MySQL

IBM 360
Websphere
JSP
J2EE
Oracle

Clientside scripting/programming

JavaScript/JScript/ECMAscript exempel:

<html>
<head>
<title>10.000</title>
<script language="JavaScript">
<!--
function calculatedate()
{
        var strSplitme = (document.TheForm.fodelse.value);
        arrayOfStrings = strSplitme.split('-',3);
        var dtmFodd = new Date(arrayOfStrings[0],arrayOfStrings[1]-1,arrayOfStrings[2]);
        intMillis = dtmFodd.valueOf();
        intMillis = intMillis + (24*60*60*1000*10000);
        dtmFodd.setTime(intMillis);
        var intYear = dtmFodd.getFullYear();
        var intMonth = dtmFodd.getMonth()+1;
        var strMonth = new String(intMonth);
        if (strMonth.length<2) strMonth = '0'+strMonth;
        var intDay = dtmFodd.getDate();
        var strDay = new String(intDay);
        if (strDay.length<2) strDay = '0'+strDay;
        var strDate = 'All right du blir 10.000 dagar ';
        strDate = strDate+intYear+"-"+strMonth+"-"+strDay;
        alert(strDate);
}
//-->
</script>
</head>
<body>
<p>När blir jag 10.000 dagar?</p>
<form name="TheForm">
<input name="fodelse" type="text" size="10" value="1972-06-05">
<input type="button" onClick="calculatedate()" value="räkna din djävul">
</form>
</p>
</body>
</html>

Testa här:

När blir jag 10.000 dagar?

Skriv in ditt födelsedatum:

Fibonaccital:

function fibbonum(i)
{
        if (i == 0 || i == 1)
	    return 1;
	else
	    return fibbonum(i-1) + fibbonum(i-2);
}

function fibbostring()
{
        var x = "";
        for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
	    x = x + fibbonum(i) + ", ";
	x += "....";
	alert(x);
}

Document Object Model (DOM)

Används för att lokalisera objekt i en webbsida så att de kan processeras av Javascript/Jscript/ECMAscript.

Används också i Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) för att välja vilka delar av markup:en man vill påverka.

I framtiden...

I framtiden vill vi skilja på form och innehåll och därför vill vi använda XML för innehållet och XSL för formen.

Redan idag kan vi använda HTML för innehållet och CSS för formen om vi är noggranna.

Länkar jag tycker är bra att börja med:

INTERNET DEVELOPMENT HISTORICAL History of the Web History and growth A Little History of the World Wide Web Tim Berners-Lee: A short history of web development A Brief History of the Internet Michael Buckland's Paul Otlet Page Internets fÃ¶delse 17 maj 1991 Index of /History HTTP HTTP - Hypertext Transfer Protocol Overview Libwww - the W3C Sample Code Library Libwww Ready to go Samples Index of /Library/src Forms in HTML documents Downloader Comparison Table MIME IANA Home Page FTP for media types MIME References MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) The 8:th bit liberation movement! comp.mail.mime FAQ (frequently asked questions list) MIME media types Appendix A: MIME Type Detection in Internet Explorer BROWSERS mozilla.org N E O P L A N E T NCSA Windows Mosaic Home Page Pages Enhanced for Lynx CSS Cascading Style Sheets Browser Compatibility CSS Frequently Asked Questions - The HTML Writers Guild Cascading Style Sheets, level 1 Cascading Style Sheets, Level 2 DHTML DOM etc Document Object Model (DOM) Level 1 Specification Document Object Model References SBN/SDK Merge Prototype Offline Browsing CGI The Common Gateway Interface Specification Quick References to the Common Gateway Interface CGI Programming FAQ: INDEX Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming cgic: an ANSI C library for CGI Programming CGI.pm - a Perl5 CGI Library Index for HTML-specs An instantaneous introduction to CGI scripts and HTML forms, Academic Computing Services, University of Kansas Perl Tutorial CGI and other Environment Variables for the WN Server ASP COMponents ServerObjects Inc. Products VBAObjects Recordset SQL Tutorial SA-FileUp Database Access Component ASPFServ Component W3 JMAIL (tech.dimac.net) 15 Seconds : Component Products : ADSI CDOLive - Code Sample Library Windows Update: Active Directory Service Interfaces (ADSI) 2.5 : [Download, downloads, beta, Microsoft Active Directory Service Interfaces, ADSI, directory management, applications, Microsoft Visual Basic, Java, or C/C++] ODBC/SQL ex ASP 101 - A Database Interfacing Primer Visual FoxPro Database Publishing ASP apps JADA Productions Test Discussion Forum FAQ Roadmap .NET FAQ ZForum-ASPXchange Sample Active Server Pages ASP Developers Network Active Server Pages Technical Support Home Page Working with ASP Using/Learning ASP VBSCRIPT, ACTIVESERVER, ActiveX Best and Brightest Active Server Pages (ASP) PRB: ASP Fails to Access Network Files Under IIS 4.0 15 Seconds : ADO Section dbtroubleshoot ASP Quick Lessons activeserverpages.com The most popular ASP resource in the World PHP PHP: PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor PHP3: Browser Capabilities Registry for PHP 3 PHP: Frequently Asked Questions MySQL by T.c.X. DataKonsultAB Welcome to the Asp Tracker Home Page SourceForge: Project Info - PHP Client Sniffer Gallery HTML HTML Home Page HTML 4.0 Working Draft Release Bare Bones Guide to HTML Colors Advanced HTML Introducing HTML 3.2 Index for HTML-specs Mind Reading Markup Language (MRML) RTFtoHTML Version 4 SkrÃ¤ckexempel LOCUS lokalbokningssystem vid Lunds Universitet web pages that suck -- web design, html, design, web pages Webbplatskritik - Autark Datakonsult AB TCP/IP Sockets Programming UNIX Sockets in C - Frequently Asked Questions DHCP FAQ XML EMACS Mulberry Technologies -- tdtd Emacs Major Mode for SGML and XML DTDs A GNU Emacs mode for SGML files Microsoft Microsoft XML Notepad XMLDOMDocument Object Members XMLDOMDocument Object MSDN Online Tools - XML Parser Extensible Markup Language (XML) James Clark's Home Page expat XML Sweden AB XML.com - XML Suite Frequently Asked Questions about the Extensible Markup Language Clean up your Web pages with HTML TIDY XML Resources Extensible Markup Language (XML) SGML/XML Sverige Ny II Public SGML/XML Software XMLGuiden Free XML software XHTML strict DTD Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) Using XSL for Structural Validation Declaring Elements and Attributes in an XML DTD Weird Scenes Inside The Goldmine XSL Transformations (XSLT) Whitehill Technologies - Products xmlTree - The only directory of XML content on the Web W3C XML Schema WAP / WML W3C: Mobile Access WAP Forum WAP Forum WAPman Wireless Application Protocol WebCab.de: Fetch Page ETEXT Bookbooters: eBook formats explained Welcome to Project Runeberg Support for Windows CE (About Project Runeberg) Making of America PROJECT GUTENBERG OFFICIAL HOME SITE - INDEX rtf2latex2e Homepage RTF-Tools -- RTF software and documentation The web site of the UK TeX Users' Group ISO 8859 Alphabet Soup Unicode Home Page Unicode FAQ Thomas Merz Consulting & Publishing Standards -- Electronic Text Center TEI Consortium ISO 639 Language Codes -- Electronic Text Center David Seaman. Guidelines for Text Mark-up at the Electronic Text Center, University of Virginia: Special Characters Get Going With DocBook Open eBook Free-ePress.com: Because you deserve to know what you're paying for. Jonas Webresurs/Webdesign/lang-attributet RTFtoHTML Version 4 An attempt to map wingdings to existing unicode characters eGroups : rss-dev Files Slashdot | Microsoft Ebooks and Copy Protection RTF @ MSDN www.openoffice.org Microsoft Reader DjVuLibre: Open Source DjVu library and viewer IRC ICQ CHAT etc IrcW3 gateway help WWW-IRC GATEWAY HOMEPAGE iPulse RFC o dyl IETF Home Page "Internet Society" (ISOC): Welcome Internet Society (ISOC) Web Site W3C - The World Wide Web Consortium Babel -- Internationalization of the Internet Request for Comments (RFC) Editor Homepage Current Internet-Drafts xml2rfc LOOKUP FINGER etc Logfinger Finger Gateway NSLOOKUP Gateway InterNIC DNS Look Up Service RIPE NCC: Whois Queries Traceroute Gateway Multiple Traceroute Gateway Ping Gateway Ping Gateway Traceroute Gateways WHOIS | VeriSign LDAP OpenLDAP, Title MAIL Jari's Procmail index page Procmail FAQ The Spam Bouncer: a Procmail-Based Spam Filter Mail Abuse Prevention System 4.1. SMTP COMMANDS Outlook 97 Articles Available by Fax or E-Mail: Forms\Internet OL97: Forwarded Message Behaves Differently with Rules Wizard Microsoft BackOffice WEBSERVRAR Apache mod_ssl: The Apache Interface to OpenSSL The mod_mime_magic Module for Apache HTTPD CVS log for apache-2.0/conf/magic Apache CVS Repository Apache Project Development Site Apache URL Rewriting Guide Apache-SSL Apache Project IIS http://www.microsoft.co...IS/Resources/online.htm The NCSA HTTPd Home Page Home of The Webalizer Microsoft Internet Information Server Roxen: Roxen Challenger - Best of Comdex Winner R M S: The Roxen Module Source FTP WU-FTPD Development Group Official Shaolin Secure FTP Site JAVA Script Determining Browser Type and Version with JavaScript JavaScript Reference JavaScript Guide 3.0 NetscapeWorld - JavaScript - Customize users' experiences dynamically - March 1997 Javascript Goodies (Resource Center) The Nasty JavaScript Tricks: Welcome The Nasty JavaScript Tricks: Finding Your Installed Plug-ins PDF Project Cool Acrobat(R) Developer Zone Dynamic PDF Emerge - Solutions for the PDF Professional Thomas Merz Consulting & Publishing Q pdf dynamic writer Web Server Printing Toolkit ISDN ISDN-tips, Ken Ehrsson (swedish version) WEBDAV WebDAV Resources Juridiska spetsfundigheter Svensk Lagsamling Patent- och registreringsverket skyddar patent, varumärken, mönster och namn Jonas Webresurs: Sveriges bästa webbskola! www.jonasweb.nu

Föredrag om dynamisk webbprogrammering

Serverside scripting/programming: samma CGI-script i olika språk

Unix BASH (test.sh):

Perl (test.pl):

C:

Hypertextpreprocesorer:

Server Side Includes (foo.shtml):

Cold Fusion (foo.cfm):

ASP (foo.asp):

PHP (foo.php):

Generellt rörande CGI-program och preprocessorer:

Vad gör CGI-program / hypertextpreprocessorer oftast?

Roligt exempel på CGI-program:

Vad behöver man kunna för att skriva bra serverside-kod?

Vanliga kombinationer:

Clientside scripting/programming

JavaScript/JScript/ECMAscript exempel:

Testa här:

Fibonaccital:

Document Object Model (DOM)

I framtiden...

Länkar jag tycker är bra att börja med:

INTERNET DEVELOPMENT

HISTORICAL

HTTP

MIME

BROWSERS

CSS

DHTML DOM etc

CGI

ASP

COMponents

ODBC/SQL ex

ASP apps

PHP

HTML

SkrÃ¤ckexempel

TCP/IP Sockets

XML

EMACS

Microsoft

WAP / WML

ETEXT

IRC ICQ CHAT etc

RFC o dyl

LOOKUP FINGER etc

LDAP

MAIL

WEBSERVRAR

Apache

IIS

FTP

JAVA Script

PDF

ISDN

WEBDAV

Juridiska spetsfundigheter